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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common causes of neuropathy worldwide. Prevalence of PN in patients with diabetes (diabetic peripheral neuropathy) ranges from around 10.5 to 32.2% in various studies across India, and up to 50% patients will eventually develop neuropathy during the course of their disease according to Western literature. There is much higher prevalence of DM in India compared to the West.
Dietary fibers and hypoglycemic drugs can be used concomitantly in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. We aimed to perform this review in order to evaluate whether scientific evidence is available regarding the interaction between these components and whether these interactions alter drug absorption.
Diabetes peripheral neuropathy commonly occurs among people with diabetes, accounting for a large portion of diabetes care cost. Early recognition and appropriate management of neuropathy in patients can help to improve symptoms, reduce sequelae, and increase the quality of life and preventive foot care. Due to the importance of timely detection of complications of diabetes, the present study was performed to screen patients and to identify neuropathy and factors affecting its development.
A prospective randomized study was conducted to evaluate and compare the efficacy of conventional dressing, foam dressing, and vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) in the management of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).
Fungal foot infections are common and increase the risk of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) in patients with diabetes. We aimed to investigate the clinical features and related risk factors in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with suspected fungal feet infection (SFFI) in an outpatient setting.
Nutritional therapy has been conventionally recommended for people with prediabetes as a method to delay or halt progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The extensive diversity in food culture and habits in India pose a chal- lenge in devising a uniform low-calorie diet plan.
Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the roles of SUA in the declined renal function of non-albuminuric DKD, the prevailing phenotype, are unclear.
In this study, the aim was to investigate the effect of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) presence on carotid intima-media thickness, which is an early sign of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients.
Hypertension and diabetes remain the primary cause of non-communicable disease (NCD) related morbidity and mortality globally. Rural–urban transitions in developing countries might aggravate the risk factors and prevalence of these conditions.
Periodontal disease (PD) is a recognized complication of diabetes and is associated with poor glycemic control. Prevalence of PD is high, both in type 2 and type 1 diabetes. However, such information is not available for FCPD, which is a unique subtype of diabetes.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common causes of vision loss worldwide; however, the limited access of the majority of the population to ophthalmologists and the lack of awareness among patients highlight the important role of family physicians in diagnosing this problem.
Current knowledge regarding the changes in cardiac autonomic nerve function during asymptomatic hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is limited.
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has one of the fastest growing adult populations with diabetes mellitus (DM). In 2018, approximately 1.4 million people in the UAE had DM, posing a significant societal cost burden. Owing to a lack in published research on the disease, the true extent of its effects may be unknown.
The use of inappropriately long needles for subcutaneous insulin injection increases the risk of inadvertent intramuscular injection.
Cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as a common comorbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the underlying mechanisms leading to it are unclear. According to clinical and epidemiological studies, the risk of Alzhei- mer’s disease (AD) increases in T2DM.
In Malaysia, although diabetes accounts for more than 70% of all deaths, it is unclear how it relates to BMI and diabetic complications.
Many studies suggest that insulin resistance in obese patients bridges mental illness. Our objective was to identify the association between levels of depression and anxiety with insulin resistance, and its relationship with obesity and abdominal obesity
Sodium-glucose transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are second-line therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with or without metformin based on glycemic needs. However, the safety and efficacy of SGLT-2 inhibitors in older adults are controversial, and not sufficient evidence is present in the use of older adults with DM.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by progressive metabolic deterioration due to a decline in β-cell function. The relation between glucagon and insulin secretion in the setting of T2DM is still not clear. The present study evaluated relationship between glucagon level, glycemic status, and β-cell indices in newly diagnosed Indian T2DM patients.
Respiratory infections like influenza and pneumococcus increase mortality, morbidity, hospitalisation risks and healthcare costs in people with type 2 diabetes which can be prevented by vaccinations. However, there is not much data regarding how many people with type 2 diabetes in India receive pneumococcal and influenza vaccinations.
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has risen dramatically. Thus, precise and timely identification of the risk for development of T2DM still needs to be improved by novel biomarkers.
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is the most common form of monogenic diabetes and is currently thought to have 14 subtypes. Patients with MODY are easily misdiagnosed with type 1 diabetes.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major preventable health complication of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Hyperglycemia represents the main mechanism in the pathogenesis of DR leading eventually to endothelial dysfunction. vWF is a marker of endothelial dysfunction, but its relation to DR is not yet well-established.
Population studies have shown that vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is associated with an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), VitD deficiency is a potential risk factor for T2DM, and the proportion of M1-type macrophages and M2-type macrophages in T2DM patients is imbalanced. Another study reported that VitD can affect the differentiation of macrophages into M1 and M2 types.
Several molecules that may be effective in treatment of diabetes and have preventive properties against development of potential complications have been discovered. In our study, we evaluated the molecule Vanin 1, which has been shown to be potentially effective in treatment of diabetes and prevention of complications in preclinical studies, and its relationship with metabolic parameters.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the leading preventable chronic diseases with high rates of morbidity and mortality. It is multi-factorial, polygenic, and characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2), a key component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, is one of the most susceptible genes with the largest effect on T2DM.
Rotational night shift work has been shown to be associated with increased risk of diabetes. However, the exact mechanism is not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the expression of TCF7L2 and PPAR-γ genes in healthcare workers with normal glucose tolerance performing rotational night shift duties.
This study was performed on 15 patients with permanent NDM (PNDM). KCNJ11, INS, and ABCC8 gene mutations were examined in all patients. Other related gene mutations were also examined if the first three mentioned mutations were negative. The patients were classified into two groups based on the time of NDM diagnosis (before 6 and 6–12 months of age).
Early onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may increase the risk of accelerated diabetes complications and age-related pathologies among relatively young Indians. Inflamm-miR-146a exerts a pivotal role in ageing and diabetes- associated complexities.
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), affecting up to 50% of patients. DN causes progressive nerve degeneration and ranges from asymptomatic to physically disabling. Patients with DN may have neuronal damage, sensory neuron changes, and peripheral nerve involvement, with pain also reported, especially in type 2 DM (T2DM) patients.
Rajeev Chawla, North Delhi Diabetes Centre, Delhi
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