Ruixue Tian, Jingqi Xu, Jing He, Zhen Chen, Yanqun Liu, Xiaoli Chen, Zhijie Zou1
Keywords
Gestational diabetes mellitus • Perinatal outcomes • Pregnancy • Preeclampsia • Retrospective cohort study
Abstract
Background To date, studies on the effects of preeclampsia on perinatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are comparatively few, and the results are inconsistent.
Objective This study aimed to explore the effects of preeclampsia on perinatal outcomes in women with GDM.
Methods This retrospective cohort study collected data of women with GDM whose babies were delivered in a Chinese hospital between July 2017 and June 2020. We divided eligible pregnant women with GDM into two groups based on whether they were diagnosed with preeclampsia: GDM with preeclampsia group and GDM without preeclampsia group. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risks for perinatal outcomes which were used as the dependent variables.
Results We identified 7533 eligible women with GDM (245 in GDM with preeclampsia group and 7288 in GDM without preeclampsia group). After adjusting for covariates, preeclampsia was significantly associated with higher risks of fetal malformations (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.08–2.57), fetal growth restriction (OR: 5.36, 95% CI: 2.91–9.88), cesarean section (OR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.83–3.37), emergency cesarean section (OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.77–3.05), preterm birth (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.27–2.81), low birth weight (LBW) (OR: 3.30, 95% CI: 2.16–5.05), small for gestational age (SGA) (OR: 3.05, 95% CI: 2.01–4.63) and neonatal hypoglycemia (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.10–2.85).
Conclusion Women with GDM complicated with preeclampsia were at higher risks of fetal malformations, fetal growth restriction, cesarean section, emergency cesarean section, preterm birth, LBW, SGA and neonatal hypoglycemia.
